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Mount Abu a Hilly Resort of Rajasthan
The Aravalli hills stretching from Delhi to Gujarat reach their highest point here in a mountain, atop which is a picturesque plateau. This is Abu in Sirohi district, a lush green summer resort and the only hill station in Rajasthan. Mount Abu has a somewhat steep incline, with ravines cut into its sides, filled with trees, bushes and beautiful birds. It is a detached hill, and on the plateau on the summit are granite rocks of fantastic shapes, the space between them covered with greenery. The Hill of Wisdom, The Saint's Pinnacle, The Rajput Olympus, the Mon Capitalia of Pliny. Yes all these are titles for just one place - Mount Abu.
The Numerous Legend Associated With The Town
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This town is associated with legends from both Jainism and Hinduism, and is supposed to have been home to no less than 330 million different gods and goddesses. There are a number of places on this hill that are believed to have affiliations with various gods, goddesses, saints and sages associated with Jainism and Hinduism. On the hill is a place called Devangan or the courtyard of the gods. The great Hindu sage Vasistha is believed to have performed a sacrifice here which led to the birth of four agnikula (born from fire) Rajput warrior clans to protect the earth from demons. The Jains believe that Lord Mahavira, the last tirthankar (fordmaker), paid a visit to Mount Abu before attaining salvation. A temple with the idol of Lord Rikhabdev, one of the tirthankars, built by his son, is also believed to have existed here in ancient times.
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Origin of Parshurama
The legend has it that Parshurama, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu, killed the Kshatriya (warrior) caste 21 times over to avenge the death of his father who was murdered by some kshatriyas. Great disorder soon ensued from the lack of warriors and the want of a strong arm. Mankind did not have a protector it could turn to, no one to fight the demons. The gods were determined upon the recreation of the kshatriyas. They came to Mount Abu to ask sage Vasistha to restore the situation and regenerate the warrior race. It was then that Vasistha sat at here at Mount Abu and performed great yagna (fire scarifice) to create warriors who would rid the earth of the demons.
Origin of Paramara and Abu Dhar
The fire foundation or the agnikund was purified with water from the river Ganges, sacrificial rites were performed and after a protracted debate it was resolved that Indra, the king of gods, should initiate the work of Recreation. Indra made a figure with grass, purified it with the water from Ganges and threw it into the sacred fire and chanted mantras. A figure slowly emerged from the flame, bearing a mace in his right hand, and exclaiming, "Mar! Mar!" (kill, kill). He was called Paramara, and Abu,Dhar and Ujjain were assigned to him as a territory
Origin of Solanki and Anhulpur Patum
Next it was Bramha (the Creator of the universe) who made an image and threw it into the fire pit. What emerged was a figure armed with a sword in one hand, the Vedas in the other, wearing a sacred amulet around his neck. He was named Solanki or Chalukya, and Anhulpur Patum was appointed to him. Rudra (a prototype of Shiva associated with Storm, aka the Howler) formed the third. The image was sprinkled with the water of the Ganges, and thrown into the pit. On incantations being read, a black ill-favored figure arose, armed with a bow. His foot slipped when he set out to battle the demons, and so he was called the Pratihara, and placed as the guardian of the gates. He had the Nouangul Marusthali (nine habitations of the desert) assigned to him.
Origin OF Chauhans
The fourth clan was formed by Vishnu (the Preserver of the universe), and an image bearing his likeness issued forth from the flames. Like Vishnu, this figure had four arms, each having a separate weapon and was called Chauhana or the `four armed'. The gods bestowed their blessing upon him and gave him Makavati as a territory.
James Tod, in his Annals & Antiquities of Rajasthan, gives the following description of what followed: "The Dytes [deities] were watching the rites, and two of their leaders were close to the fire foundation; but the work of regeneration being over, the new-born warriors were sent against the infidels, when a desperate encounter ensued. But as fast as the blood of the demons was shed, young demons arose; when the four tutelary divinities, attendant on each newly created race, drank up the blood, and thus stopped the multiplication of evil. These were Asapurana of Chohan [Chauhana], Gajun Mata of the Purihar, Keonj Mata of the Solanki [and] Sanchair Mata of the Pramara. When the Dytes were slain, shouts of joy rent the sky; ambrosial showers were shed from heaven; and the gods drove their cars [mounts or vehicles] about the firmament, exulting at the victory thus achieved."
"of all the 36 royal races [says Chund, the great bard of the Chohans], the Agnikula is the greatest - the rest were born of women; these were created by the Brahmins."
and this is how the four agnikula Rajput clans - Chauhans, Paramaras, Pratiharas and Solankis originated. The descendants of these warriors were to rule a large part of India.
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